Spindle
Do you want to plant a Spindle? Here you will find all the information you need on how to best plant the Spindle, and on pruning and caring for your Spindle.
General characteristics of a Spindle
The flowers of the spindle are inconspicuous. They have a short stem, and quadriplegic. The petals are green to pale yellow in color. Many branches are square.
A striking feature of the spindle is its pinkish-red fruit. When the fruit is ripe, the seeds, enveloped in an orange seed coat, hang out on white threads. The fruit is eaten by thrushes, starlings and robins.
The spindle is one of the three pioneer shrubs in the dunes.
Characteristics
How to plant a Spindle
Roots at least 10 cm below the ground
How to harvest a Spindle
Collect legumes; makes very many; every piece with roots can be cut off; dozens per plant sometimes when crawling on the ground
Caring for and pruning your Spindle
You can prune your wild spindle in February or March, at the end of winter before the sap flow resumes. Older branches you prune down to the ground. Newer branches can be cut as short as you like. You can also thin out the shrub by cutting back some of the branches completely.
Where does a Spindle grow
The spindle thrives best in sandy soil in full sun or partial shade, but also grows well in other soil types that are not too compact and slightly moist. The plant can grow in both dry and moist soil, but prefers well-drained soils. The shrub is found in deciduous forests, thicket edges, hems, hedges and hedgerows, as well as in the thickets of the inner dunes.
General
| Origin |
Native
|
| Tree Type | Shrub |
Length and Age
| Length in about 10 years | 1 Up to 2 Meter |
| Reproductive Maturity in How Many Years | 0 Up to 50 year |
| Maximum Age | Up to year |
| Required Space | Up to m2 |
| Growth Rate | trees.slow |
Reproduction
| Tree is Self-Pollinating | Yes |
| Reproduction Method |
Makes root suckers
Makes seedlings
|
| Reproduction rate |
|
Reproduction rate
| 1. Very low reproduction rate. The plant hardly spreads, has few seeds or vegetative spread (e.g., trees with heavy seeds). |
| 2. Low reproduction rate. Spread via limited seed production or specific conditions required |
| 3. Average reproduction rate. Regular spread, depending on wind, water, or animals, at a moderate speed (e.g., dandelion). |
| 4. High reproduction rate. Many seeds and multiple spread strategies (wind, birds, vegetative). Quickly colonizes open spaces |
| 5. Very high reproduction rate. Invasive species that spread explosively over large distances (e.g., Japanese knotweed). |
Pruning Period
| This Tree is Evergreen | Yes |
| Summer | No pruning in summer |
| Winter | February tot March |
| Leaf Shapes | Oval |
| Easy to prune | Yes |
Bark Characteristics Seedling (50-200cm)
| Colour |
Bud Characteristics Seedling (50-200cm)
| Colour | |
| Bud Position |
Opposite
|
| Bud Shape |
Pointed
|
Other
| Root |
Superficial rooting
|
| Bloom |
Has flowers
Has fruits
|
| Wind sensitivity | Not sensitive to (sea) wind |
Diseases
| Sensitive to the Following Diseases |
Not particularly susceptible to any specific disease
|
Harvest/recognition in winter
Pointed green buds opposite on green branches often with corky ridges.
Light requirement of the Spindle
The Spindle thrives best under these light conditions.
Suitable soil types for the Spindle
In this overview, you can find which soil types are best for the Spindle to grow.
| Soil type | Suitability |
|---|---|
| light clay |
|
| heavy clay |
|
| sand |
|
| peatland |
|
| Loam |
|
| Moerig op zand |
|
| Lichte zavel |
|
| Zware zavel |
|
Humidity
A (ground)water level indicates how deep the groundwater usually is below the surface. The higher the Roman numeral, the deeper the groundwater.
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
Suitable acidity level for the Spindle
Each soil type has a certain acidity level, measured in pH values. You can plant the Spindle in soil that falls within this range:
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
Nutritional needs of the Spindle
Some soil types offer more nutritional richness than others.
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
| 1. | Very nutrient-poor soil |
| 2. | Very nutrient-poor to nutrient-poor soil |
| 3. | Nutrient-poor soil |
| 4. | Nutrient-poor to moderately nutrient-rich soil |
| 5. | Moderately nutrient-rich soil |
| 6. | Moderately nutrient-rich to nutrient-rich soil |
| 7. | Nutrient-rich soil |
| 8. | Extremely nutrient-rich soil |
| 9. | Very extremely nutrient-rich soil |
Humidity
Does Spindle like to have its roots in extremely dry (1.0) or wet (9.0) soil?
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
| 1. | Extremely dry soils |
| 2. | Extremely dry to dry soils |
| 3. | Dry soils |
| 4. | Dry to dry/moist soils |
| 5. | Dry/moist soils |
| 6. | Dry/moist to moist soils |
| 7. | Moist soils |
| 8. | Moist to wet soils |
| 9. | Wet soils |
To be applied in landscapes
0 = not filled in, 1 = unsuitable, 5 = very suitable
| Landscape | Suitability |
|---|---|
| Agroforestry |
|
| Hedge |
|
| Hedge |
|
| Forest |
|
| Feeding hedge |
|
| Back yard |
|
| Small back yard |
|
| Solitary |
|
| Wood wall |
|
Cultural-historical value
0 = not filled in, 1 = low, 9 = high
Insects
| How many insects typically live on this tree/plant? | 26 |
| Which insect groups live on this tree/plant? |
Bees
Butterflies
Hoverflies
Wasps
Bumblebees
|
| Are there insects dependent on this species? | No |
| Which insect species are dependent on this tree/plant? |
spindle ermine
|
Birds
| Average number of birds per tree/plant? | 10 |
| Which bird groups live on this tree/plant? |
tits
thrushes
European robins
common blackbirds
Eurasian blackcaps
|
Mammals
| Average number of mammals per tree/plant? | |
| Which mammal groups live on this tree/plant? |
rabbits
|
| Are there mammals dependent on this species? | No |
| Which mammal species are dependent on this tree/plant? |
Bloom Period
| Summer | May Up to June |
Tree Species
| Tree species that this tree prefers to grow with |
|
Suitable for mammals?
toxic, 1 = unsuitable, 5 = very suitable
| Mammal | Suitability |
|---|---|
| Badgers |
|
| Squirrel |
|
| Ferret |
|
| Goat |
|
| Herbivorous rodents |
|
| Deer |
|
| Dog |
|
| Cat |
|
| Chicken |
|
| Cow |
|
| Human |
|
| Mouse |
|
| Horse |
|
| Roe deer |
|
| Sheep |
|
| Foxes |
|
| Pig |
|
| Wild boar |
|
| Beavers |
|
Explanation
Explanation
Edibility
- Toxic: This tree or shrub is toxic to mammals and absolutely unsuitable for consumption.
- Very unsuitable: This tree or shrub is unsuitable for consumption by mammals and can be harmful.
- Unsuitable: This tree or shrub is generally unsuitable for consumption by mammals and can have adverse effects.
- Moderately suitable: This tree or shrub is moderately suitable as food for mammals, possibly with certain risks or limitations.
- Suitable: This tree or shrub is generally suitable as food for mammals, with little to no risks.
- Very suitable: This tree or shrub is very suitable as food for mammals, safe, and of high nutritional value.
Trunk Height
Average Trunk Height (hg) of the basal area median tree
from - to, in whole meters, average
Information not available
Trunk Diameter
(dg) (1.30m) of the basal area median tree.
from - to, in whole centimeters, average
Information not available
Aboveground Biomass
in whole kgInformation not available
Belowground Biomass
in whole kgInformation not available
Substance Binder
| Which substances can be bound or absorbed? |
CO2
Particulate matter
|
Carbon Attraction (kf)
| (dg) (1.30m) of the basal area median tree | Deciduous Trees (Kf = 0,48) |
Warming Resistance
| This tree is well resistant to the warming (plus 3 degrees) of our climate and fits into the future of our climate (heat and drought resistant). | No |
CO2
| 0. | not filled in |
| 1. | no storage |
| 2. | low storage |
| 3. | moderate storage |
| 4. | high storage |
| 5. | very high storage |
Fine Dust
| 0. | not filled in |
| 1. | no capture capacity |
| 2. | low capture capacity |
| 3. | moderate capture capacity |
| 4. | high capture capacity |
| 5. | very high capture capacity |
This is what an adult tree Spindle looks like
Spindle in winter
This is what the fruits of a Spindle look like
Fruit of the spindle
A mature spindle carrying an abundance of fruit
This is what the bud of a Spindle looks like
Bud of the spindle
This is what the leaf of a Spindle looks like
Leaf and flowers of the spindle