Cornelian Cherry
General characteristics of a Cornelian Cherry
Cornelian cherry, Cornus mas, is easily recognized in late winter because this shrub blooms with small, four-petaled, yellow flowers. The flowers have small petals that form a cross. The shrub or small tree can grow up to about 6 feet tall. The trunk looks jagged and highly branched, with the branches having quite a few twists.
The cherry-red berries or drupes, which develop when the flowers are fertilized by bees or insects flying early in the year, although tart in taste, are edible. They were and are made into compote. For this reason, Yellow dogwood was also planted in kitchen gardens. From such plantings, the species could also become naturalized, as the drupes are dispersed by birds.
Characteristics
How to plant a Cornelian Cherry
Roots at least 10 cm below ground level. Dig a planting hole 1.5 x as wide as the root system; make sure the roots are covered with soil; do not plant deeper than to where the stem begins
How to harvest a Cornelian Cherry
Seldom has depositors.
Caring for and pruning your Cornelian Cherry
Little or no pruning after flowering. Possibly shape pruning, lifting out the crown and pruning away dead branches.
Where does a Cornelian Cherry grow
Cornalian cherry grows on calcareous soils in scrub and light deciduous forests, in hedgerows and wooded banks, and also in the shrubland environment. The species occurs naturally from the Caucasus through Turkey and southeastern and central Europe to, just barely, southern Limburg. There it grows in chalk hillside forests, rough chalk grasslands and in the verges of hollow roads. Yellow dogwood greets best in humus-rich, chalky, well-drained and moist soil. The plant tolerates dry soil but the berries are larger on moist soil.
General
| Origin |
Native
|
| Tree Type | Shrub |
Length and Age
| Length in about 10 years | 2 Up to 4 Meter |
| Reproductive Maturity in How Many Years | 0 Up to 200 year |
| Maximum Age | Up to year |
| Required Space | Up to m2 |
| Growth Rate | trees.medium |
Reproduction
| Tree is Self-Pollinating | No |
| Reproduction Method |
Makes seedlings
|
| Reproduction rate |
|
Reproduction rate
| 1. Very low reproduction rate. The plant hardly spreads, has few seeds or vegetative spread (e.g., trees with heavy seeds). |
| 2. Low reproduction rate. Spread via limited seed production or specific conditions required |
| 3. Average reproduction rate. Regular spread, depending on wind, water, or animals, at a moderate speed (e.g., dandelion). |
| 4. High reproduction rate. Many seeds and multiple spread strategies (wind, birds, vegetative). Quickly colonizes open spaces |
| 5. Very high reproduction rate. Invasive species that spread explosively over large distances (e.g., Japanese knotweed). |
Pruning Period
| This Tree is Evergreen | No |
| Summer | No pruning in summer |
| Winter | January tot February |
| Leaf Shapes | Egg-shaped |
| Easy to prune | No |
Bark Characteristics Seedling (50-200cm)
Bud Characteristics Seedling (50-200cm)
| Colour | |
| Bud Position |
Spread out
Opposite
|
| Bud Shape |
Round
|
Other
| Root |
Deep and wide roots
|
| Bloom |
Has flowers
Has fruits
|
| Wind sensitivity | Moderately sensitive to (sea) wind |
Diseases
| Sensitive to the Following Diseases | Information not available |
Harvest/recognition in winter
The bud consists of four yellowish-colored bud leaves, which, after opening, remain at the base of the flower stems and fulfill the role of a casing in the Screenflowers analogously. The young casing leaves are light yellow in color and when they have just spread out the leaf margin is slightly hairy. They appear to be present even when the drupes have formed.
Light requirement of the Cornelian Cherry
Suitable soil types for the Cornelian Cherry
| Soil type | Suitability |
|---|---|
| light clay |
|
| heavy clay |
|
| sand |
|
| peatland |
|
| Loam |
|
| Moerig op zand |
|
| Lichte zavel |
|
| Zware zavel |
|
Humidity
Suitable acidity level for the Cornelian Cherry
Nutritional needs of the Cornelian Cherry
| 1. | Very nutrient-poor soil |
| 2. | Very nutrient-poor to nutrient-poor soil |
| 3. | Nutrient-poor soil |
| 4. | Nutrient-poor to moderately nutrient-rich soil |
| 5. | Moderately nutrient-rich soil |
| 6. | Moderately nutrient-rich to nutrient-rich soil |
| 7. | Nutrient-rich soil |
| 8. | Extremely nutrient-rich soil |
| 9. | Very extremely nutrient-rich soil |
Humidity
| 1. | Extremely dry soils |
| 2. | Extremely dry to dry soils |
| 3. | Dry soils |
| 4. | Dry to dry/moist soils |
| 5. | Dry/moist soils |
| 6. | Dry/moist to moist soils |
| 7. | Moist soils |
| 8. | Moist to wet soils |
| 9. | Wet soils |
To be applied in landscapes
| Landscape | Suitability |
|---|---|
| Agroforestry |
|
| Hedge |
|
| Hedge |
|
| Forest |
|
| Feeding hedge |
|
| Back yard |
|
| Small back yard |
|
| Solitary |
|
| Wood wall |
|
Cultural-historical value
Insects
| How many insects typically live on this tree/plant? | 6 |
| Which insect groups live on this tree/plant? |
Bees
Butterflies
Hoverflies
Wasps
Bumblebees
|
| Are there insects dependent on this species? | No |
| Which insect species are dependent on this tree/plant? |
Birds
| Average number of birds per tree/plant? | 8 |
| Which bird groups live on this tree/plant? |
|
Mammals
| Average number of mammals per tree/plant? | |
| Which mammal groups live on this tree/plant? |
|
| Are there mammals dependent on this species? | No |
| Which mammal species are dependent on this tree/plant? |
Bloom Period
| Summer | February Up to April |
Tree Species
| Tree species that this tree prefers to grow with |
|
Suitable for mammals?
| Mammal | Suitability |
|---|---|
| Badgers |
|
| Squirrel |
|
| Ferret |
|
| Goat |
|
| Herbivorous rodents |
|
| Deer |
|
| Dog |
|
| Cat |
|
| Chicken |
|
| Cow |
|
| Human |
|
| Mouse |
|
| Horse |
|
| Roe deer |
|
| Sheep |
|
| Pig |
|
| Foxes |
|
| Wild boar |
|
| Beavers |
|
Explanation
Explanation
Edibility
- Toxic: This tree or shrub is toxic to mammals and absolutely unsuitable for consumption.
- Very unsuitable: This tree or shrub is unsuitable for consumption by mammals and can be harmful.
- Unsuitable: This tree or shrub is generally unsuitable for consumption by mammals and can have adverse effects.
- Moderately suitable: This tree or shrub is moderately suitable as food for mammals, possibly with certain risks or limitations.
- Suitable: This tree or shrub is generally suitable as food for mammals, with little to no risks.
- Very suitable: This tree or shrub is very suitable as food for mammals, safe, and of high nutritional value.
Trunk Height
Average Trunk Height (hg) of the basal area median tree
Information not available
Trunk Diameter
(dg) (1.30m) of the basal area median tree.
Information not available
Aboveground Biomass
in whole kgInformation not available
Belowground Biomass
in whole kgInformation not available
Substance Binder
| Which substances can be bound or absorbed? |
CO2
Particulate matter
|
Carbon Attraction (kf)
| (dg) (1.30m) of the basal area median tree | Deciduous Trees (Kf = 0,48) |
Warming Resistance
| This tree is well resistant to the warming (plus 3 degrees) of our climate and fits into the future of our climate (heat and drought resistant). | No |
CO2
| 0. | not filled in |
| 1. | no storage |
| 2. | low storage |
| 3. | moderate storage |
| 4. | high storage |
| 5. | very high storage |
Fine Dust
| 0. | not filled in |
| 1. | no capture capacity |
| 2. | low capture capacity |
| 3. | moderate capture capacity |
| 4. | high capture capacity |
| 5. | very high capture capacity |
This is what an adult tree Cornelian Cherry looks like
This is what the fruits of a Cornelian Cherry look like
This is what a Cornelian Cherry in bloom looks like
This is what the bud of a Cornelian Cherry looks like
This is what the leaf of a Cornelian Cherry looks like
