Black Pine

Do you want to plant a Black Pine? Here you will find all the information you need on how to best plant the Black Pine, and on pruning and caring for your Black Pine.
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General characteristics of a Black Pine

The black pine, or Pinus nigra, distinguishes itself from other conifers by its dark bark and twigs, its long, somewhat stiff, slightly prickly needles of 10 cm or more, and its resinous buds with adjacent scales. Two varieties are distinguished: "nigra," the Austrian pine, and "laricio," the Corsican pine. Pines vary considerably in the number of needles clustered together. This species always has two, as does the Scots pine. The cones are up to 8 cm long and bear sharp projections.

Characteristics


How to plant a Black Pine

Cover the roots well, straight into the ground.

How to harvest a Black Pine

It is a very easy plant to propagate, for example, on heathland. The seedlings can be dug up there.

Caring for and pruning your Black Pine

A black pine only needs pruning to keep it in shape or to remove dead and/or crossing branches. Do not prune during frost.

Where does a Black Pine grow

The species can thrive in a wide variety of locations, even in places with a high water table. The poorest soils allow the species to spread most easily.


General

Origin
Integrated
Tree Type Pine tree

Length and Age

Length in about 10 years Up to 30 Meter
Reproductive Maturity in How Many Years Up to year
Maximum Age Up to year
Required Space Up to m2
Growth Rate

Reproduction

Tree is Self-Pollinating No
Reproduction Method
Makes seedlings
Reproduction rate

Reproduction rate

1. Very low reproduction rate. The plant hardly spreads, has few seeds or vegetative spread (e.g., trees with heavy seeds).
2. Low reproduction rate. Spread via limited seed production or specific conditions required
3. Average reproduction rate. Regular spread, depending on wind, water, or animals, at a moderate speed (e.g., dandelion).
4. High reproduction rate. Many seeds and multiple spread strategies (wind, birds, vegetative). Quickly colonizes open spaces
5. Very high reproduction rate. Invasive species that spread explosively over large distances (e.g., Japanese knotweed).

Pruning Period

This Tree is Evergreen No
Summer June tot June
Winter Information not available
Leaf Shapes Elongated
Easy to prune No

Bark Characteristics Seedling (50-200cm)

Lenticels No
Colour

Bud Characteristics Seedling (50-200cm)

Colour
Bud Position Information not available
Bud Shape Information not available

Other

Root
Deep and wide roots
Bloom
Has flowers
Wind sensitivity

Diseases

Sensitive to the Following Diseases
European spruce bark beetle

Harvest/recognition in winter

The leaves of the black pine are needle-shaped and remain attached to the tree year-round, making identification relatively easy in winter. The stiff grayish or dark green needles of the black pine grow in pairs and are clustered in bunches at the ends of the branches.

Light requirement of the Black Pine

The Black Pine thrives best under these light conditions.
  • Full sun
  • Partial shade

    • Suitable soil types for the Black Pine

    In this overview, you can find which soil types are best for the Black Pine to grow.
    Soil type Suitability
    light clay
    heavy clay
    sand
    peatland
    Loam
    Moerig op zand
    Lichte zavel
    Zware zavel

    Humidity

    A (ground)water level indicates how deep the groundwater usually is below the surface. The higher the Roman numeral, the deeper the groundwater.
    I
    II
    III
    IV
    V
    VI
    VII
    VIII

    Suitable acidity level for the Black Pine

    Each soil type has a certain acidity level, measured in pH values. You can plant the Black Pine in soil that falls within this range:
    0.0
    0.5
    1.0
    1.5
    2.0
    2.5
    3.0
    3.5
    4.0
    4.5
    5.0
    5.5
    6.0
    6.5
    7.0
    7.5
    8.0
    8.5
    9.0

    Nutritional needs of the Black Pine

    Some soil types offer more nutritional richness than others.
    1.0
    1.5
    2.0
    2.5
    3.0
    3.5
    4.0
    4.5
    5.0
    5.5
    6.0
    6.5
    7.0
    7.5
    8.0
    8.5
    9.0
    1. Very nutrient-poor soil
    2. Very nutrient-poor to nutrient-poor soil
    3. Nutrient-poor soil
    4. Nutrient-poor to moderately nutrient-rich soil
    5. Moderately nutrient-rich soil
    6. Moderately nutrient-rich to nutrient-rich soil
    7. Nutrient-rich soil
    8. Extremely nutrient-rich soil
    9. Very extremely nutrient-rich soil

    Humidity

    Does Black Pine like to have its roots in extremely dry (1.0) or wet (9.0) soil?
    1.0
    1.5
    2.0
    2.5
    3.0
    3.5
    4.0
    4.5
    5.0
    5.5
    6.0
    6.5
    7.0
    7.5
    8.0
    8.5
    9.0
    1. Extremely dry soils
    2. Extremely dry to dry soils
    3. Dry soils
    4. Dry to dry/moist soils
    5. Dry/moist soils
    6. Dry/moist to moist soils
    7. Moist soils
    8. Moist to wet soils
    9. Wet soils

    To be applied in landscapes

    0 = not filled in, 1 = unsuitable, 5 = very suitable
    Landscape Suitability
    Agroforestry
    Hedge
    Hedge
    Forest
    Feeding hedge
    Back yard
    Small back yard
    Solitary
    Wood wall

    Cultural-historical value

    0 = not filled in, 1 = low, 9 = high

    Insects

    How many insects typically live on this tree/plant?
    Which insect groups live on this tree/plant?
    Are there insects dependent on this species? No
    Which insect species are dependent on this tree/plant?

    Birds

    Average number of birds per tree/plant?
    Which bird groups live on this tree/plant?

    Mammals

    Average number of mammals per tree/plant?
    Which mammal groups live on this tree/plant?
    Are there mammals dependent on this species? No
    Which mammal species are dependent on this tree/plant?

    Bloom Period

    Summer May Up to May

    Tree Species

    Tree species that this tree prefers to grow with

    Suitable for mammals?

    toxic, 1 = unsuitable, 5 = very suitable
    Mammal Suitability
    Badgers
    Goat
    Herbivorous rodents
    Dog
    Cat
    Chicken
    Cow
    Human
    Horse
    Sheep
    Pig
    Foxes
    Mouse
    Squirrel
    Beavers
    Ferret
    Wild boar
    Roe deer
    Deer

    Explanation

    Explanation

    Edibility

    • Toxic: This tree or shrub is toxic to mammals and absolutely unsuitable for consumption.
    1. Very unsuitable: This tree or shrub is unsuitable for consumption by mammals and can be harmful.
    2. Unsuitable: This tree or shrub is generally unsuitable for consumption by mammals and can have adverse effects.
    3. Moderately suitable: This tree or shrub is moderately suitable as food for mammals, possibly with certain risks or limitations.
    4. Suitable: This tree or shrub is generally suitable as food for mammals, with little to no risks.
    5. Very suitable: This tree or shrub is very suitable as food for mammals, safe, and of high nutritional value.


    Trunk Height

    Average Trunk Height (hg) of the basal area median tree

    from - to, in whole meters, average

    Information not available

    Trunk Diameter

    (dg) (1.30m) of the basal area median tree.

    from - to, in whole centimeters, average

    Information not available

    Aboveground Biomass

    in whole kg

    Information not available

    Belowground Biomass

    in whole kg

    Information not available

    Substance Binder

    Which substances can be bound or absorbed?
    Particulate matter

    Carbon Attraction (kf)

    (dg) (1.30m) of the basal area median tree Deciduous Trees (Kf = 0,48)

    Warming Resistance

    This tree is well resistant to the warming (plus 3 degrees) of our climate and fits into the future of our climate (heat and drought resistant). Yes
    Particulate matter

    CO2

    0. not filled in
    1. no storage
    2. low storage
    3. moderate storage
    4. high storage
    5. very high storage

    Fine Dust

    0. not filled in
    1. no capture capacity
    2. low capture capacity
    3. moderate capture capacity
    4. high capture capacity
    5. very high capture capacity

    This is what an adult tree Black Pine looks like

    Black pine
    Black pine - a mature tree

    This is what the fruits of a Black Pine look like

    Corsicaanse den
    fruit of the black pine tree

    This is what the bud of a Black Pine looks like

    Corsicaanse den